Hearing loss · Toronto

Types of Hearing Loss.

Clear, audiologist-led explanations of hearing loss types and what they mean for care.

Assessment before assumptions Referral made when needed Bloor West Village & the Annex
Why the type matters

Understanding hearing loss as part of a clinical process.

Hearing loss is not a single condition. It can affect different parts of the ear, vary in severity, and require different approaches to care. Understanding the type of hearing loss is essential for determining whether medical treatment, hearing technology, monitoring, or referral is appropriate.

At Toronto Hearing Consultants, audiologists identify hearing loss through structured assessment and testing, ensuring individuals receive clear explanations and appropriate next steps based on clinical findings rather than assumptions.

The three types

The main types of hearing loss.

Hearing loss is typically classified into three primary types, based on which part of the hearing system is affected.

Outer or middle ear
Outer and middle ear affected

Conductive Hearing Loss

Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound is unable to travel efficiently through the outer or middle ear. Sounds may seem quieter or muffled, and increased volume is often required to hear clearly.

Common causes
  • Ear wax buildup
  • Fluid in the middle ear
  • Outer or middle ear infections
  • Perforation of the eardrum
  • Structural issues affecting the middle ear bones
Conductive hearing loss may be temporary or permanent. Treatment often involves medical management, and hearing aids may be recommended when medical intervention is not effective or appropriate.
Inner ear or nerve
Inner ear or auditory nerve affected

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. It is the most common type of hearing loss and is typically permanent.

Common causes
  • Age-related hearing loss
  • Noise exposure over time
  • Certain medications
  • Genetic factors
  • Head injuries or concussions
This type of hearing loss often affects speech clarity, particularly in background noise. Management commonly involves hearing technology and ongoing audiological care.
Both components
Both components present

Mixed Hearing Loss

Mixed hearing loss occurs when both conductive and sensorineural components are present. For example, a person with sensorineural hearing loss who develops an ear infection may temporarily experience mixed hearing loss.

Common causes
  • Chronic or repeated ear infections alongside age-related hearing loss
  • Head injuries affecting both the middle and inner ear
  • Otosclerosis that progresses to involve the inner ear
  • Longstanding untreated conductive hearing loss
Treatment usually involves addressing the conductive component medically while managing the sensorineural component through audiological care.
Is this you?

Who this information is for.

Audiologists also assess whether hearing loss is unilateral (one ear) or bilateral (both ears), as this affects management and monitoring decisions. Learning about hearing loss types is important for individuals who:

  • Notice changes in hearing clarity or volume
  • Struggle to understand speech, especially in noise
  • Experience ringing, fullness, or discomfort in the ears
  • Are supporting a child, parent, or partner with hearing concerns
  • Want to understand hearing test results more clearly
  • Children with pre-lingual hearing loss, where hearing loss occurs before speech and language develop
  • Adults with post-lingual hearing loss, where hearing changes occur later in life
Book a Hearing Assessment
Independent by design

How audiologists approach hearing loss.

Toronto Hearing Consultants is an independent, audiologist-led clinic. Hearing loss is assessed through careful evaluation of ear anatomy, auditory function, and listening ability. When medical concerns are identified, referrals are made to appropriate healthcare providers. When audiological management is recommended, options are discussed clearly and without pressure.

Audiologists consider

  • The anatomy of the ear and hearing process
  • Hearing thresholds and speech understanding
  • Degrees and classification of hearing loss
  • Symptoms reported by the individual
  • Risk factors such as noise exposure or medical history
Meet Our Team
Step by step

What to expect during a hearing assessment.

A hearing assessment provides the information needed to identify the type and degree of hearing loss. Appointments typically include:

01

History Review

Review of hearing concerns and medical history.

02

Ear Examination

Visual examination of the ear.

03

Hearing Testing

Hearing testing to assess auditory sensitivity and clarity.

04

Your Results Explained

Explanation of results, including the type of hearing loss identified.

05

Options Discussed

Discussion of treatment or management options.

06

Time for Questions

Unhurried time to ask questions and understand what the findings mean for you.

Living with it

Managing and monitoring hearing loss.

Hearing loss management depends on the type, severity, and individual needs. Options may include:

Risk factors for hearing loss include aging (presbycusis), repeated noise exposure, and certain health conditions. Preventive measures such as routine hearing checks during an annual physical, using custom hearing protection, and having hearing checked regularly by an audiologist can help reduce long-term risk. Early identification and appropriate management can improve communication, safety, and quality of life.
Where to go next

Related hearing services.

From the blog

Understand hearing loss.

The signs, the myths, and how communication changes: reading from our audiologists.

Next step

Ready to better understand your hearing?

If you are experiencing hearing changes or want clarity about hearing loss types, a hearing assessment is the next step. Audiologists can explain findings, answer questions, and guide appropriate care based on your results.

Come see us

Independent clinics,
two Toronto locations.

Independent, audiologist-led hearing clinics in the west end, easy to reach from across the city.

Hours
Both clinics
Mon to Thu9:30am to 5:30pmTue until 6pm
Fri9:30am to 4:30pm
SatBy appointment
Contact details